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Descrizione

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) è un tipo di formato di immagine vettoriale per la grafica bidimensionale.

I formati vettoriali come SVG sono molto utili nei programmi di disegno tecnico, come FreeCAD, perché un'immagine SVG può essere ridimensionata a qualsiasi dimensione senza perdere la sua forma o la quantità di dettagli. Il formato SVG può essere ridimensionato in base a qualsiasi risoluzione richiesta e convertito in formati '''bitmap''' come PNG o JPEG per la stampa.

L'immagine SVG è descritta in un linguaggio di tipo XML, il che significa che può essere aperta e modificata con un semplice editor di testo per apportare delle modifiche. Grazie alla sua natura testuale, il file può anche essere cercato, indicizzato e compresso facilmente. Questo linguaggio di markup SVG è uno standard aperto sviluppato dal World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) dal 1999. Ciò significa che un file SVG deve essere letto e interpretato nello stesso modo da qualsiasi visualizzatore e applicazione di disegno appropriati.

For more information on the SVG format see: Scalable Vector Graphics.

SVG in FreeCAD

FreeCAD is primarily a 3D modeling application, and thus doesn't have many 2D drawing tools. On the other hand FreeCAD relies on SVG files:

  • Icons in the graphical user interface, representing tools in menus and toolbars, or objects and features in the Tree View
  • Templates for the TechDraw workbench, representing sheets of paper, that define the format of a drawing and enable printing to scale. They can also provide frames, and a title block.
  • Symbols, TechDraw Views embedding a single SVG file each, to provide frequently used graphic annotation elements.

In addition FreeCAD can import SVG files into 3D space:

  • As an image plane that can be positioned by its Placement property.
  • As separate 2D shapes on the XY-plane that can be used as base geometry for further modeling.

Finally FreeCAD has tools exporting to SVG:

  • 3D geometry can be saved as Flattened SVG. In this case selected geometry is projected on the XY-plane and only X-, and Y-coordinates are used to derive SVG elements.
  • TechDraw provides a tool to save the current drawing.

Std Import and Std Export handle SVG related 3D import and export tasks, they use the Draft SVG function of the Draft module to convert 3D geometry from/to the SVG format.

Usage

Here we have additional descriptions focussed on SVG files for Std Import and Std Export.

3D Import

  1. Make sure there is an activate document.
  2. Select the File → Import... option from the menu.
  3. In the file browser that appears do one of the following:
    • With the default settings unchanged:
      1. Select a file and press the Open button.
      2. The Select Module dialog appears. From Open svg as select:
        • Image formats (FreeCAD) to import the SVG file as an image plane.
        • SVG as geometry (importSVG) to import the SVG file as separate shapes.
      3. Press the Open button to close the dialog and finish the tool.
    • Optionally select the SVG as geometry filter option.
    1. Select the desired SVG file and press the Open button to finish the tool.
  4. Depending on the selected options an image plane or several shape and text objects are added to the document.

3D Export

Select one or more shapes.

  1. Select the File → Export... option from the menu.
  2. In the file browser that appears select the Flattened SVG filter option.
  3. Enter a filename.
  4. Select a folder to save the SVG file.
  5. Press the Save button to close the browser and finish the tool.

2D Import and Export

The descriptions of the 2D tools are well focussed on SVG files so that linking the relevant pages is sufficient here.

  • Templates are SVG files required to define drawing sheets (Page objects) in TechDraw.
  • A symbol is a kind of TechDraw view used to add an SVG image for graphical annotation purposes to a TechDraw Page and optionally connect it with another TechDraw feature as its owner.
    • Insert SVG opens a file browser to select and import an SVG symbol file.
  • Optionally, when a drawing is finished the page can be exported as an SVG file.

Correlazioni

User documentation